The scale was developed to provide a reliable, valid, and convenient way to quantify dissociative experiences. Suggestionsforfurther validation research are also made. Dissociative experiences scale, ii sidran institute. We are interested in how often you have these experiences only when you are not under the influence of alcohol or drugs. Dissociative experiences and their relationship to mood. The multidimensional inventory of dissociation mid. The dissociative experiences scaleii desii is a selfreport questionnaire that measures dissociative experiences such as derealization, depersonalization, absorption and amnesia. Adolescent dissociative experiences scale ii ades judith armstrong, phd eve bernstein carlson, phd frank putnam, md directions these questions ask about difference kinds of experiences that happen to people.
Ninetyeight women in treatment for traumarelated disorders completed the dissociative experiences scale and the mmpi 2 in routine inpatient diagnostic evaluations. Full text is the dissociative experiences scale able to. It contains twentyeight questions and returns an overall score as well as four sub scale results. Dissociative experiences scale ii desii description. Patients with mpd scored significantly higher than the other clinical groups and the medical student controls. For each question, circle the number that tells how much that experience happens to. For each question, circle the number that tells how much that experience happens to you. The des, according to the authors, is a brief, selfreport measure of the frequency of dissociative experiences.
Copies of the des are packaged with reprints of the article, an update on the dissociative experiences scale dissociation 6 1. Child has a difficult time learning from experience, e. Assessing dissociative pathology in psychogenic movement. Mmpi2 item endorsements in dissociative identity disorder. Is the dissociative experiences scale able to identify. Psychological counseling services screening test for. Some people have the experience of driving or riding in a car or bus or subway and suddenly realizing thatthey dont remember what has happened during all or part of the trip. To assess severity of dissociative symptoms, the authors administered the dissociative experiences scale des to 155 participants with ptsd. We are interested in how often you have these experiences. This scale has been shown to be both valid and reliable in research designed to test its psychometric properties 48. Development, reliability, and validity of a dissociation scale. Dissociative experiences scale des discussing dissociation. Home quizzes mental health quizzes dissociative experiences scale.
Appendix e adolescent dissociative experiences scaleii ades scoring the adolescent dissociative experience scale initial validation research reported a mean score of 4. Adolescent dissociative experiences scaleii ades judith armstrong, phd eve bernstein carlson, phd frank putnam, md directions these questions ask about difference kinds of experiences that happen to people. The dissociative experiences scale des and dest in 1986, drs. Improving the psychometric properties of the dissociative. Th e format is the same as the fullscale des, with each item scored on a scale from 1 to 100 and the overall score being the mean of the eight items. The present study examined the full spectrum of the dissociative experience in relation to mmpi 2 profiles. The authors administered the dissociative experiences scale to medical student controls and patients with multiple personality disorder, schizophrenia, panic disorder,and chemical dependency.
Dissociation was assessed by the most widely used instrument, dissociative experiences scale carlson and putnam 1993, in which participants are asked to rate the percentage of time ranging from. Dissociation is often considered a psychological defense mechanism for victims of traumatizing events, and the scale is of particular use in measuring dissociation among people with ptsd, dissociative disorders, borderline personality disorder and those with a. The dissociative experiences scale ii desii is a selfreport questionnaire that measures dissociative experiences such as derealization, depersonalization, absorption and amnesia. Appendix f the child dissociative experience scale and. Putnam based at the time at the national institutes of mental health introduced a scale called the dissociative experiences scale des, which made.
Psychometric properties and difference in scores across age groups. On the dimensionalities of the dissociative experiences. However, dissociative experiences can also be part of normal psychological life. The apa is offering a number of emerging measures for. Scale items were developed using clinical data and interviews, scales involving memory loss, and consultations with experts in dissociation. This questionnaire consists of twentyeight questions about experiences you may have in your daily life. In addition, a 15item measure developed for administration in either questionnaire or interview form, titled the dissociative subtype of ptsd scale, has been introduced by wolf et al. The dissociative experiences scaleii is widely used test to measure the degree of such abnormal psychological experience, by clinical and research populations.
However, we argue that, in both cases, this ap parent multidimensionality is a form of range restriction that arises because some symptoms are. Des is intended to be a screening test, since only 17% of patients with scores over 30 will be diagnosed with having dissociative identity disorder. May 12, 20 the dissociative experiences scale ii is widely used test to measure the degree of such abnormal psychological experience, by clinical and research populations. The test is simple paper and pencil task, where the subjects rate their frequencies from 0 to 100% of having experiencing certain abnormal psychological experiences. A detailed email with the central aim of the study ie, the ability of the des to catch detachment and compartmentalization dissociative experiences was sent by the senior author bf to 25 experts in the field of dissociative disorders. The des is a selfrating instrument comprising 28 items that build on the assumption of a dissociative continuum ranging from mild normative to. Somepeoplefindthatsometimestheyarelisteningtosomeonetalkandtheysuddenlyrealizethattheydidnothear partorallofwhatwassaid.
Circle a number to show what percentage of the time this happens to you. The dissociative disorders interview schedule ddis is a highly structured interview that makes dsm5 diagnoses of somatic symptom disorder, borderline personality disorder and major depressive disorder, as well as all the dissociative disorders. Dissociation, assessment, trauma, dissociative identity disorder six valid and reliable measures of dissociation have been used with some frequency. Tests such as the des provide a quick screening method so that the more time. The general claim is that both scales are multidimensional. A japanese version of the dissociative experiences scale jdes was developed and administered to 199 late adolescents, 40 normal adults, 16 schizophrenics, and 19 subjects with dissociative. Below is a list of behaviors that describe children. Scoring the adolescent dissociative experience scale initial validation research reported a mean score of 4. Using the structured interview for disorders of extreme stress sides, participants were divided into two. The dissociative experiences scale des is a simple questionnaire widely used to screen for dissociative symptoms. Is the dissociative experiences scale able to identify detachment and compartmentalization symptoms. Clinical research article the shutdown dissociation scale. Dissociative symptomatology in posttraumatic stress disorder. According to its authors, carlson and putnam, it is a brief, selfreport measure of the frequency of dissociative experiences.
Two of them refused to participate, and three of them did not respond. Circlethenumbertoshowwhatpercentageofthetimethishappenstoyou. Dissociative experiences scale psychology wiki fandom. This screening tool can help determine whether you might have the symptoms of dissociative identity disorder did. Appendix f the child dissociative experience scale and posttraumatic stress inventory cdesptsi dd dd 262 11012012 11. This questionnaire consists of twenty eight questions about experiences that you may have in your daily life. Contrary to hypotheses, the ostensibly most benign form of dissociation, absorption and imaginative involvement, was somewhat more strongly. Although the dissociative experiences scaleii desii is among the most commonly employed instruments, this measure may be insensitive to pmd dissociative experiences due to its emphasis on absorption symptoms i. Circle 1 if the item is somewhat or sometimes true of your. It is a screening tool for dissociative disorders, especially dissociative identity disorder multiple personality disorder and dissociative disorder not otherwise specified now known as other specified dissociative disorder. Putnam based at the time at the national institutes of mental health introduced a scale called the dissociative experiences scale des, which made it possible to quantify the level of dissociative symptoms in. Take our free screening tool for dissociative disorders, the dissociative experiences scale des. By far, the most commonly used psychometric instrument for the assessment of dissociative experience is the dissociative experiences scale des. The dissociative experiences scale ii des ii is a free, screening instrument.
The desii is a 28item, selfreport measure of dissociative experiences. This is a selfrating scale that contains normal and pathological dissociative states and was developed as a tool to assess dissociation in the general population. The dissociative experiences scale was developed to serve as a clinical tool to help identify patients with dissociative psychopathology and as a research tool to provide a means of quantifying dissociative experiences. Appendix e adolescent dissociative experiences scaleii a. Development, reliability and validity of a dissociation scale. Th e dest distinguishes pathological dissociation more accurately than. Clinical research article the shutdown dissociation. This is the second version of the scale, and it is easier to score than the original version. More common experiences have often been linked to mild forms of absorption, that is, focusing on one aspect of experiences and blocking others 3. The dissociative experiences scale des has been developed to offer a means of reliably measuring dissociation in normal and clinical populations. Dissociative experiences scale ii desii by eve bernstein carlson, ph. Such patients show elevated scores on atypical answers f, fpsychopathology fp, atypical answers in the second half of the test fb, schizophrenia sc, and. Pdf an update on the dissociative experiences scale.
Child dissociative checklist cdc, version 3 frank w. Dissociativeexperiencesscaleii hor nic fw p g m f h d e. The desii has been prevalently used as a screening tool in patients suffering from psychotic disorders or schizophrenia. Child shows rapid regressions in agelevel behavior, e. The dissociative experiences scale, dissociative experiences in a sample of italian students giornale italiano di psicologia. For each item that describes your child now or within the past 12 months, please circle 2 if the item is very true of your child.
Factor structure of the dissociative experiences scale in a large sample of psychiatric and nonpsychiatric subjects eva mazzotti,1 benedetto farina, 2 claudio imperatori, 2 federica mansutti,3,4 elena prunetti,3,4 anna maria speranza,5 claudio barbaranelli1 1department of psychology, faculty of. The dissociative experiences scale des is a psychological selfassessment questionnaire that measures dissociative symptoms. Abstract the dimensionalities of the dissociative experiences scale des and the dissociation questionnaire disq have been explored by factor analysis by a number of investigators. Dissociative experiences scalei included in appendix but with. Scoring and interpretation each item on the measure is rated on a 5point scale 0not at all. Dissociative experiences scaleii des ii eve bernstein carlson, ph. On the dimensionalities of the dissociative experiences scale. The dissociative experiences scale taxon dest is a modified version of the dissociative experiences scale dbs that relies on a subset of eight categorical variables to overcome errors introduced into diagnostic classification by virtue of the use of dimensional measures of dissociation e.
Dissociative symptomatology in posttraumatic stress. The des is a selfrating instrument comprising 28 items that build on the assumption of a dissociative continuum ranging from mild normative to severe pathological dissociation. Dissociative experiences scale ii des ii description and interpretation description. Consistent with prior research, severe dissociation was associated with high elevations on mmpi 2 scales typically associated with psychotic symptoms. Dissociative experiences scaleii desii by eve bernstein carlson, ph. Dissociative experiences scale taxon and measurement of. Appendix f the child dissociative experience scale and post. Dissociative experiences scaleii included in appendix. The total score can range from 0 to 32, with higher scores indicating greater severity of dissociative experiences. It contains twentyeight questions and returns an overall score as well as four subscale results.
This questionnaire consists of twentyeight questions about experiences that you may have in your daily life. Appendix e adolescent dissociative experiences scaleii ades. Elevated scores on some mmpi 2 minnesota multiphasic inventory 2 validity scales are common among patients with dissociative identity disorder did, which raises questions about the validity of their responses. The authors of the scale referred to the concept of a dissociative continuum that ranges from minor dis.